Cov txheej sab nraud nplaum ntawm cov kab mob fungi thiab cov kab mob, hu ua "extracellular matrix" lossis ECM, muaj qhov sib xws ntawm jelly thiab ua haujlwm ua ib txheej tiv thaiv thiab plhaub. Tab sis raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no hauv phau ntawv xov xwm iScience, ua los ntawm University of Massachusetts Amherst ua ke nrog Worcester Polytechnic Institute, ECM ntawm qee cov kab mob me me tsim cov gel tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov muaj oxalic acid lossis lwm cov kua qaub yooj yim. Vim tias ECM ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv txhua yam los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tshuaj tua kab mob mus rau cov kav dej txhaws thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob, kev nkag siab txog yuav ua li cas cov kab mob me me tswj lawv cov txheej gel nplaum muaj feem cuam tshuam dav rau peb lub neej txhua hnub.

"Kuv yeej ib txwm xav paub txog cov microbial ECMs," Barry Goodell, xib fwb qhia txog microbiology ntawm University of Massachusetts Amherst thiab tus sau ntawv laus ntawm daim ntawv no hais. "Cov neeg feem ntau xav txog ECM ua ib txheej tiv thaiv sab nraud uas tiv thaiv cov kab mob me me. Tab sis nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ua ib txoj hauv kev rau cov as-ham thiab cov enzymes hauv thiab tawm ntawm cov hlwb microbial."
Cov txheej txheej no ua haujlwm ntau yam: nws qhov nplaum txhais tau tias cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke los ua cov pawg lossis "biofilms", thiab thaum cov kab mob me me txaus ua qhov no, nws tuaj yeem txhaws cov kav dej lossis ua rau cov khoom siv kho mob qias neeg.
Tab sis lub plhaub kuj yuav tsum tau permeable: ntau cov kab mob me me tso tawm ntau yam enzymes thiab lwm yam metabolites tawm los ntawm ECM, mus rau hauv cov khoom uas lawv xav noj lossis kis kab mob (xws li ntoo lwj lossis cov ntaub so ntswg vertebrate), thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum cov enzymes ua tiav lawv txoj haujlwm, txoj haujlwm ntawm kev zom zaub mov - xa cov as-ham rov qab los ntawm ECM.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias ECM tsis yog ib txheej tiv thaiv inert xwb; Qhov tseeb, raws li Goodell thiab cov npoj yaig tau ua qauv qhia, cov kab mob me me zoo li muaj peev xwm tswj tau qhov viscosity ntawm lawv cov ECM thiab yog li ntawd nws qhov permeability. Lawv ua li cas?
Hauv cov nceb, qhov kev tso tawm zoo li yog oxalic acid, ib qho organic acid uas tshwm sim ntuj hauv ntau cov nroj tsuag, thiab, raws li Goodell thiab nws cov npoj yaig tau tshawb pom, ntau cov kab mob me me zoo li siv cov oxalic acid uas lawv tso tawm los khi rau cov txheej sab nraud ntawm cov carbohydrates. tsim cov khoom nplaum. , jelly-zoo li ECM.
Tab sis thaum pab neeg saib ze dua, lawv pom tias oxalic acid tsis yog tsuas yog pab tsim ECM xwb, tab sis kuj "tswj" nws: qhov ntau oxalic acid uas cov kab mob ntxiv rau hauv cov carbohydrate-acid sib tov, qhov ntau viscous ECM dhau los ua. Qhov ntau viscous ECM dhau los ua, qhov ntau nws thaiv cov molecules loj los ntawm kev nkag mus lossis tawm hauv cov microbe, thaum cov molecules me me tseem muaj kev ywj pheej nkag mus rau hauv cov microbe los ntawm ib puag ncig thiab vice versa.
Qhov kev tshawb pom no ua rau muaj kev sib tw rau kev nkag siab txog kev tshawb fawb ib txwm muaj txog li cas cov tshuaj sib txawv uas cov kab mob fungi thiab cov kab mob me me tau los ntawm cov kab mob me me no mus rau hauv ib puag ncig. Goodell thiab cov npoj yaig tau hais tias qee zaum cov kab mob me me yuav tsum tau cia siab rau kev tso tawm ntawm cov molecule me me heev los tawm tsam lub matrix lossis cov ntaub so ntswg uas cov kab mob me me nyob ntawm kom muaj sia nyob lossis kis tus kab mob. Qhov no txhais tau tias kev tso tawm ntawm cov molecule me me kuj tseem yuav ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv pathogenesis yog tias cov enzymes loj dua tsis tuaj yeem hla dhau cov microbial extracellular matrix.
"Zoo li muaj ib qho chaw nruab nrab," Goodell hais tias, "qhov twg cov kab mob me me tuaj yeem tswj cov qib acidity kom hloov kho rau ib puag ncig tshwj xeeb, khaws qee cov molecules loj dua, xws li cov enzymes, thaum tso cai rau cov molecules me dua kom yooj yim hla dhau ECM. "Kev hloov kho ntawm ECM nrog oxalic acid yuav yog ib txoj hauv kev rau cov kab mob me me los tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej los ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, vim tias ntau cov tshuaj no muaj cov molecules loj heev. Nws yog qhov kev hloov kho no uas yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kov yeej ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem loj hauv kev kho mob antimicrobial, vim tias kev tswj hwm ECM kom nws nkag tau ntau dua tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

"Yog tias peb tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov biosynthesis thiab kev tso tawm ntawm cov kua qaub me me xws li oxalate hauv qee cov kab mob me me, ces peb kuj tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob me me, uas tuaj yeem ua rau peb kho tau ntau yam kab mob me me zoo dua," Goodell hais.
Thaum Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2022, tus kws tshawb fawb txog kab mob me me Yasu Morita tau txais nyiaj pab los ntawm National Institutes of Health los txhawb kev tshawb fawb uas tsom mus rau kev tsim cov kev kho mob tshiab thiab zoo dua rau tus kab mob ntsws.

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