Tsab xov xwm no tau raug tshuaj xyuas raws li Science X cov txheej txheem kho thiab cov cai. Cov neeg kho tau hais txog cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no thaum ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsiab lus muaj kev ncaj ncees:
Cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO2) yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub neej hauv ntiaj teb thiab yog cov pa roj uas ua rau lub ntiaj teb sov. Niaj hnub no, cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom kawm txog cov pa roj carbon dioxide ua ib qho chaw muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tsim cov roj uas rov ua dua tshiab, cov roj carbon tsawg thiab cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj nqis siab.
Qhov kev cov nyom rau cov kws tshawb fawb yog txheeb xyuas cov hauv kev zoo thiab tsim nyog tus nqi los hloov cov pa roj carbon dioxide mus rau hauv cov pa roj carbon zoo xws li carbon monoxide, methanol lossis formic acid.
Ib pab neeg tshawb fawb uas coj los ntawm KK Neuerlin ntawm National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) thiab cov neeg koom tes ntawm Argonne National Laboratory thiab Oak Ridge National Laboratory tau pom ib txoj kev daws teeb meem zoo rau qhov teeb meem no. Pab neeg tau tsim ib txoj kev hloov pauv los tsim cov kua qaub formic los ntawm cov pa roj carbon dioxide siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab nrog kev siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab ruaj khov.
Txoj kev tshawb fawb no, hu ua "Scalable membrane electrode assembly architecture for efficient electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to formic acid," tau luam tawm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm Nature Communications.
Formic acid yog ib qho tshuaj lom neeg nruab nrab uas muaj ntau yam kev siv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua cov khoom siv raw hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg lossis kev lag luam biological. Formic acid kuj tau raug txheeb xyuas tias yog cov khoom siv rau kev ua kom huv si rau hauv roj av dav hlau huv.
Kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm CO2 ua rau muaj kev txo qis ntawm CO2 rau cov tshuaj intermediates xws li formic acid lossis cov molecules xws li ethylene thaum muaj lub zog hluav taws xob siv rau lub electrolytic cell.
Lub rooj sib dhos membrane-electrode (MEA) hauv lub electrolyzer feem ntau muaj ib daim nyias nyias uas ua rau ion (cation lossis anion exchange membrane) uas nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob lub electrodes uas muaj ib lub electrocatalyst thiab ib lub polymer uas ua rau ion.
Siv pab neeg txoj kev txawj ntse hauv cov thev naus laus zis roj cell thiab hydrogen electrolysis, lawv tau kawm ntau qhov kev teeb tsa MEA hauv cov electrolytic cells los sib piv cov electrochemical txo qis ntawm CO2 rau formic acid.
Raws li kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm ntau yam kev tsim qauv, pab pawg neeg tau nrhiav kev siv qhov txwv ntawm cov khoom siv uas twb muaj lawm, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tsis muaj ion rejection hauv cov anion pauv tam sim no, thiab ua kom yooj yim rau kev tsim qauv tag nrho.
Kev tsim los ntawm KS Neierlin thiab Leiming Hu ntawm NREL yog ib qho MEA electrolyzer zoo dua siv lub perforated cation pauv membrane tshiab. Lub perforated membrane no muab cov tshuaj formic acid sib xws, xaiv tau zoo heev thiab ua kom yooj yim tsim los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv uas twb muaj lawm.
"Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb no sawv cev rau kev hloov pauv paradigm hauv kev tsim cov organic acids xws li formic acid," tus sau ntawv Neierlin hais. "Cov qauv perforated membrane txo qhov nyuaj ntawm cov qauv tsim yav dhau los thiab kuj tseem siv tau los txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm lwm cov khoom siv hloov pauv carbon dioxide electrochemical."
Ib yam li txhua yam kev tshawb fawb tshiab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev lag luam. Ua haujlwm thoob plaws cov chaw haujlwm, cov kws tshawb fawb NREL Zhe Huang thiab Tao Ling tau nthuav tawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam uas txheeb xyuas cov hau kev los ua kom muaj kev sib npaug ntawm tus nqi nrog cov txheej txheem tsim cov kua qaub formic niaj hnub no thaum tus nqi hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab yog nyob rau lossis qis dua 2.3 xees ib kilowatt-teev.
"Pab neeg tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig no los ntawm kev siv cov catalysts thiab cov ntaub ntawv polymer membrane uas muaj nyob hauv khw, thaum tsim ib qho kev tsim MEA uas siv qhov zoo ntawm qhov scalability ntawm cov roj cell niaj hnub thiab cov nroj tsuag hydrogen electrolysis," Neierlin hais.
"Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshawb fawb no tuaj yeem pab hloov cov pa roj carbon dioxide mus ua roj thiab tshuaj siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab thiab hydrogen, ua kom nrawm dua kev hloov pauv mus rau kev nthuav dav thiab kev lag luam."
Cov thev naus laus zis hloov pauv hluav taws xob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm NREL qhov kev pab cuam Electrons rau Molecules, uas tsom mus rau cov hydrogen tshiab tiam tom ntej, roj xoom, tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov ntaub ntawv rau cov txheej txheem tsav hluav taws xob.
"Peb qhov kev pab cuam tab tom tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev los siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab los hloov cov molecules xws li carbon dioxide thiab dej mus rau hauv cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua lub hauv paus zog," Randy Cortright, tus thawj coj ntawm NREL txoj kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob thiab / lossis cov tswv yim ua ntej rau kev tsim roj. lossis tshuaj lom neeg hais.
"Kev tshawb fawb txog kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob no muab kev tshawb pom tshiab uas siv tau rau ntau yam txheej txheem hloov pauv hluav taws xob, thiab peb tos ntsoov yuav muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua los ntawm pawg no."
Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv: Leiming Hu et al., Scalable membrane electrode assembly architecture rau kev hloov pauv electrochemical ntawm CO2 rau formic acid, Nature Communications (2023). DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43409-6
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